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Pyomyositis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
J A Al-Tawfiq1, G A Sarosi, H E Cushing
1Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
Southern Medical Journal
|March 23, 2000
Summary
Pyomyositis, a skeletal muscle infection, is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients, fever and bilateral muscle infection are more common, requiring antibiotic therapy and drainage.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
Background:
- Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
- While common in HIV-negative individuals, pyomyositis also occurs in those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Observation:
- This study describes two cases of pyomyositis in HIV-positive patients.
- A review of English language literature on pyomyositis associated with HIV infection was conducted.
Findings:
- HIV-positive patients with pyomyositis less frequently present with leukocytosis and bacteremia.
- Conversely, HIV-positive individuals are more prone to fever, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and bilateral muscle involvement in pyomyositis.
- Standard treatment involves antibiotics combined with surgical drainage or aspiration.
Implications:
- Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management of pyomyositis in HIV-positive populations.
- Early recognition and appropriate treatment can improve outcomes for patients with HIV and pyomyositis.