Effects of superovulation on endogenous LH secretion in cattle, and consequences for embryo production

Stimulation of follicular growth during superovulation is achieved by the injection of FSH or compounds with high FSH-bioactivities. However, some LH-activity is required for follicle maturation. It is of relevance to evaluate, therefore, the effect of superovulatory treatments on endogenous LH secretion. Luteinizing hormone is secreted in discrete pulses, and the pattern of pulsatile LH secretion during superovulation is reviewed. Four of five published studies have shown that LH pulse frequency is significantly reduced by injection of eCG or FSH preparations. This suppression appears within 8 h of treatment Effects of superovulation on LH pulse amplitude are less consistent. The reasons for the decrease in pulse frequency have been investigated, and although the answer is not definitive, it would seem that increased follicular estradiol, acting perhaps in synergism with progesterone, may play a role. Changes in plasma progesterone concentrations are not related to changes in LH pulse frequency. What is the significance of decreased LH pulse frequency? We attempted to investigate this by inducing LH pulses during superovulation, but the result was a major reduction in ovulation rate. More research is required to determine if modification of endogenous LH secretion can improve superovulatory responses.