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Hepatic dysfunction in childhood dengue infection.

B Mohan1, A K Patwari, V K Anand

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|March 24, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Childhood dengue infection (DI) can cause temporary liver function abnormalities, particularly in severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) cases, with or without hepatomegaly.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Dengue infection (DI) is a significant pediatric health concern.
  • Hepatic involvement is a common complication in childhood DI.
  • Understanding the pattern of liver function derangement is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate hepatic functions in children with DI during the acute phase.
  • To compare liver enzyme levels across different dengue severity classifications (DF, DHF, DSS).
  • To assess the impact of hepatomegaly on liver function tests in pediatric DI.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 61 children (2 months-12 years) with DI.
  • Categorization into dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).
  • Monitoring of liver function tests including AST, ALT, AP, and bilirubin levels during acute illness and hospitalization.

Main Results:

  • Elevated AST, ALT, and AP levels were observed in 80-87% of children on admission, irrespective of hepatomegaly.
  • Increased proportion and significantly higher mean levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin were noted in the second week of hospitalization (p < 0.05).
  • DHF and DSS cases exhibited significantly higher mean AST, ALT, and AP levels compared to DF (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Childhood dengue infection leads to transient liver function derangements.
  • The severity of liver involvement correlates with dengue severity, being more pronounced in DHF and DSS.
  • Liver function abnormalities in DI can occur with or without clinical hepatomegaly.

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