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[Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)].

J M Seigneurin1

  • 1Laboratoire de virologie médicale moléculaire Université Joseph-Fourier Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, La Tronche.

La Revue Du Praticien
|March 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common herpesvirus, establishes lifelong infections. Diagnosis of EBV-related conditions ranges from serological tests for mononucleosis to nucleic acid testing for chronic infections and B-cell cancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Context:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus causing lifelong latency.
  • Primary infection occurs via oropharyngeal mucus, leading to B lymphocyte infection and immortalization.

Purpose:

  • To outline the pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus.
  • To highlight diagnostic methods for EBV-associated conditions, including infectious mononucleosis and B-cell malignancies.

Summary:

  • EBV replicates in epithelial cells and infects B lymphocytes, utilizing latent genes for immortalization.
  • Chronic shedding facilitates person-to-person transmission, primarily through intimate contact.
  • EBV is linked to infectious mononucleosis, B-cell lymphomas in immunosuppressed individuals, and cancers in immunocompetent hosts.

Impact:

  • Distinguishes diagnostic approaches for acute EBV infection versus chronic or malignant conditions.
  • Emphasizes the role of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in monitoring B-cell proliferations and treatment efficacy.
  • Underscores the significance of EBV in both benign and malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.

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