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Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Published on: February 4, 2021

Calcific constrictive pericarditis: is it still with us?

L H Ling¹, J K Oh, J F Breen

¹Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Annals of Internal Medicine

|March 25, 2000

Summary

Pericardial calcification is common in constrictive pericarditis, often indicating idiopathic disease. This finding predicts higher perioperative mortality but does not affect long-term survival in patients undergoing pericardiectomy.

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Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

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Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Radiology
Thoracic Surgery

Background:

Pericardial calcification on radiography suggests constrictive pericarditis.
Its significance is debated due to decreased tuberculosis incidence in the US.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the clinical and prognostic significance of pericardial calcification in constrictive pericarditis.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of 135 patients with surgically or autopsy-confirmed constrictive pericarditis (1985-1995).
Patients were grouped based on the presence (group I) or absence (group II) of pericardial calcification on chest radiography.
Clinical findings and outcomes after pericardiectomy were compared.

Main Results:

Pericardial calcification was present in 27% of patients.
Group I (calcification present) had a higher rate of indeterminate cause, longer symptom duration, and more frequent pericardial knock, larger atria, and atrial arrhythmias.
Group I showed significantly higher perioperative mortality, but late survival rates were similar to group II.

Conclusions:

Pericardial calcification is a frequent finding in constrictive pericarditis.
It is associated with idiopathic disease and chronicity markers.
It independently predicts increased perioperative mortality.