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Published on: October 11, 2011
Cardio-pulmonary function in preascitic (hypoxemic) or normal broilers inhaling ambient air or 100% oxygen
R F Wideman1, M R Fedde, C D Tackett
1Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA. rwideman@comp.uark.edu
Poultry Science
|March 29, 2000
Summary
Acute oxygen therapy did not reduce pulmonary hypertension in hypoxemic broilers. Increased total peripheral resistance, not hypoxemia, was linked to higher pulmonary arterial pressure, suggesting no hypoxic vasoconstriction.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Cardiovascular Science
- Avian Medicine
Background:
- Pulmonary hypertension is a significant concern in broiler chickens.
- Hypoxemia is a known contributor to pulmonary hypertension in various species.
- The direct impact of acute oxygenation on pulmonary arterial pressure in hypoxemic conditions requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of acute oxygen inhalation on pulmonary arterial pressure in normal and preascitic (hypoxemic) broilers.
- To determine if hypoxemic or hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction plays a role in pulmonary hypertension in broilers.
- To assess the relationship between hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbO2) and pulmonary arterial pressure under varying oxygen conditions.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments were conducted on unanesthetized and anesthetized broilers.
- Measurements included pulmonary arterial pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbO2), cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and total peripheral resistance.
- Broilers were exposed to ambient air and 100% oxygen to induce varying levels of oxygen saturation.
Main Results:
- Acute inhalation of 100% oxygen increased HbO2 in both normal and preascitic broilers but did not reduce pulmonary arterial pressure.
- Preascitic broilers exhibited higher pulmonary arterial pressure and cardiac output compared to normal broilers.
- Increased total peripheral resistance and normalized mean arterial pressure were observed in preascitic broilers during 100% oxygen inhalation, with no evidence of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
Conclusions:
- Acute reversal of systemic hypoxemia has minimal direct impact on pulmonary hypertension in broilers.
- Pulmonary hypertension in preascitic broilers is not primarily driven by hypoxemic or hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
- Sustained pulmonary vascular resistance, rather than cardiac output changes, appears to be the dominant factor in maintaining pulmonary hypertension.
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