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Related Experiment Videos

Lipodystrophy associated with protease inhibitors.

I Panse1, E Vasseur, M L Raffin-Sanson

  • 1Departments of Dermatology, Internal Medicine V and Histopathology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 9 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92104 Boulogne, France.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|March 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients on protease inhibitors may develop lipodystrophy, a condition involving fat loss and accumulation. Replacing protease inhibitors improved metabolic abnormalities but not physical changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Lipodystrophies are rare conditions characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat.
  • Protease inhibitors are a standard therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Observation:

  • Four HIV-infected men on protease inhibitors developed lipodystrophy, presenting as central adiposity and peripheral lipoatrophy.
  • Patients exhibited increased abdominal girth, facial and leg fat wasting, and metabolic abnormalities including elevated triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels.

Findings:

  • Biopsies revealed thinning of subcutaneous fat, while CT scans confirmed facial fat loss and abdominal fat accumulation.
  • Replacing protease inhibitors with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors normalized lipid abnormalities and resolved paronychia within nine months, though dysmorphic changes persisted.

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Implications:

  • Protease inhibitors may cause lipodystrophy in HIV patients.
  • Switching antiretroviral therapy can resolve metabolic complications associated with HIV lipodystrophy.