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Monosodium glutamate and asthma.

D D Stevenson1

  • 1Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|March 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) challenges in asthmatic patients show inconsistent results. Rigorous studies indicate no conclusive evidence of MSG-induced asthma, even in those with a history of reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been anecdotally linked to asthma exacerbations.
  • Previous studies reported positive MSG challenges in asthmatic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the evidence for MSG-induced asthma.
  • To critically assess studies reporting positive MSG challenges versus those with negative findings.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of existing studies on MSG challenges in asthmatic volunteers.
  • Comparison of methodologies in studies reporting positive versus negative MSG challenge results.
  • Statistical analysis including confidence intervals for MSG-naive and MSG-history-positive asthmatics.

Main Results:

  • Two early studies reported positive MSG challenges, but four subsequent, more rigorous studies found no reactions in 45 MSG-history-positive asthmatics.
  • No reactions were observed in 109 asthmatic patients without a history of MSG sensitivity.
  • Methodological flaws were identified in the studies reporting positive MSG challenges.

Conclusions:

  • The existence of MSG-induced asthma is not conclusively established, even in patients with a history of reactions.
  • Methodological differences may explain discrepancies in study outcomes.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to definitively ascertain the role of MSG in asthma.

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