Chromosomal localization of two genes underlying late-infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

Classical late-infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL; CLN2) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder of childhood characterized by seizures, loss of vision, and progressive motor and mental deterioration. The hallmark of this disease is the accumulation of enlarged, secondary lysosomes packed with curvilinear bodies in cells of affected individuals. The biochemical basis of LINCL remains unknown and there is no treatment effective in delaying the progression of this fatal disorder. During a genome-wide search using a set of highly polymorphic markers and 15 affected individuals from 7 multi-affected families, we obtained evidence for linkage of the LINCL gene CLN2 with markers on chromosome 11p15.5. We then genotyped patients and all available family members, including 8 single-affected families, for markers spanning 15 cM of 11p15.5. We obtained a maximum two-point LOD score of 6.16 at 0 = 0.00 at the marker locus D11S2362. Multipoint analysis yielded a maximum LOD score of 6.90 localized to the same marker. Using haplotype analysis, we localized CLN2 to a minimum candidate region of 11 cM flanked by marker loci D11S4046 on the telomeric side and D11S1996 on the centromeric side. Additionally, we present data suggesting that the gene underlying a variant LINCL subtype found in Costa Rica maps to the region defined by the CLN6 locus on chromosome 15q21-23. The mapping of these two LINCL loci provides a genetic basis for understanding the clinical heterogeneity observed in this group of diseases.