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Related Experiment Videos

Personality and expressed emotion.

J M Hooley1, J B Hiller

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusets 02138, USA. jmh@wjh.harvard.edu

Journal of Abnormal Psychology
|March 31, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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High-expressed emotion (EE) relatives of schizophrenia patients exhibit distinct personality traits. These individuals tend to be less flexible, tolerant, and empathetic compared to low-EE relatives, impacting family dynamics.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Expressed emotion (EE) is a known predictor of relapse in schizophrenia and mood disorders.
  • The personality traits of relatives exhibiting high or low EE remain largely unexplored.
  • Understanding these traits can inform family interventions and support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the personality characteristics differentiating high-EE from low-EE relatives of schizophrenia patients.
  • To identify specific personality traits associated with high expressed emotion in a familial context.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) to assess personality traits.
  • Compared personality profiles of 45 relatives of schizophrenia patients categorized as high-EE versus low-EE.

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  • Employed statistical controls for demographic variables.

    • Main Results:

    • High-EE relatives demonstrated higher conventionality (norm-favoring) and lower self-satisfaction (self-realization) compared to low-EE relatives.
    • High-EE relatives exhibited less flexibility, tolerance, empathy, and achievement via independence.
    • Flexibility emerged as a significant predictor of EE status, even after controlling for demographics.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific personality traits are associated with high expressed emotion in relatives of schizophrenia patients.
    • Lower flexibility, tolerance, and empathy characterize high-EE relatives.
    • Findings suggest potential targets for psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing expressed emotion within families.