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Micronutrient antioxidants and smoking.

C E Cross1, M Traber, J Eiserich

  • 1Center for Lung Biology and Medicine, University of California, Davis 95817, USA.

British Medical Bulletin
|April 4, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Smokers have lower antioxidant levels due to reduced fruit and vegetable intake and increased oxidative stress. This review explores the mechanisms linking smoking, diet, and antioxidant status.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Oxidative Stress Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cigarette smoking is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • Diets rich in fruits and vegetables are linked to reduced risks of atherosclerosis and cancer.
  • Smokers often exhibit lower intake of fruits, vegetables, and antioxidant micronutrients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanistic links between cigarette smoking and reduced plasma antioxidant concentrations.
  • To explore how smoking affects dietary intake and utilization of antioxidants like ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol.
  • To discuss the role of increased oxidative stress in smokers' low antioxidant status.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on smoking, diet, and antioxidant status.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of mechanistic pathways involving oxidative stress and antioxidant utilization.
  • Synthesis of evidence on ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol in smokers.

    • Main Results:

    • Smokers have diminished dietary intake of fruits and vegetables.
    • Increased oxidative stress in smokers leads to higher utilization of antioxidants.
    • Low plasma concentrations of antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol are common in smokers.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced antioxidant intake and increased utilization contribute to lower plasma antioxidant levels in smokers.
    • Oxidative stress is a key factor in the relationship between smoking and antioxidant depletion.
    • Understanding these mechanisms highlights the importance of nutritional interventions for smokers.