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Three-dimensional analysis of the child cleft face
1Mount Vernon and Watford Hospital Trust, Northwood, Middlesex, London, England.
Summary
Children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) exhibit distinct facial surface morphology compared to unaffected children. This study used 3D scanning to identify these differences in facial dimensions.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial morphology
- 3D imaging
- Cleft lip and palate research
Background:
- Facial surface morphology differences in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are not fully understood.
- Objective assessment of craniofacial structures is crucial for understanding CLP impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and assess differences in facial surface morphology between children with CLP and unaffected children.
- To compare the 3D facial morphology of CLP patients and controls.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an Optical Surface Scanner to capture 3D facial images of 39 CLP patients and 25 controls (aged 8-11).
- Performed linear facial measurements and superimposed averaged 3D scans for qualitative comparison.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant differences (p < .05) were found in interocular width, nose base width, mouth width, and their ratios.
- Cleft faces were qualitatively narrower with deeper submandibular areas compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences in facial surface morphology exist between CLP patients and control subjects.
- 3D scanning provides a valuable tool for quantifying craniofacial differences in CLP.