Consequences of Helicobacter pylori cure in ulcer patients

In the complex pathogenesis of genuine ulcer disease Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an essential, although not on its own sufficient, causal factor. Eradication of the infection heals the active ulcer and, in the long term, leads to a drastic reduction in ulcer recurrence and attendant complications. Some patients remain symptomatic even without ulcer recurrence, and in these, pre-existing, exacerbated or induced gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is probably of some significance. Possible causes of ulcer relapse are reinfection, the use of ulcerogenic drugs and persistent gastric hypersecretion. In adults, and probably also in children from the age of six years, H. pylori reinfection is rare, provided that a sensitive and specific test for H. pylori is carried out at the earliest 4 weeks after concluding anti-bacterial treatment. The most common cause of the reappearance of H. pylori is recrudescence - true reinfection hardly ever occurs. The healing of H. pylori-associated ulcer disease improves the patient's quality of life and possibly also life expectancy. Computer-aided calculations, together with a randomized controlled study, have shown not only that individual patients benefit, but that also the health system profits financially. The hypothetical negative effects of H. pylori eradication treatment are still being controversially discussed.