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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Related Experiment Video

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Using RNA-mediated Interference Feeding Strategy to Screen for Genes Involved in Body Size Regulation in the Nematode C. elegans
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A genetic link between co-suppression and RNA interference in C. elegans.

R F Ketting1, R H Plasterk

  • 1Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Amsterdam.

Nature
|April 5, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Co-suppression, a gene silencing phenomenon, is likely mediated by RNA molecules in C. elegans. Mutants defective in RNA interference and transposon silencing are also resistant to co-suppression, suggesting shared molecular machinery.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Co-suppression, observed across diverse organisms, reduces gene expression via transgenic DNA introduction.
  • This phenomenon shares similarities with RNA interference (RNAi), involving RNA as both initiator and target.
  • Both co-suppression and RNAi are implicated in transposon silencing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying co-suppression in Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • To determine if co-suppression and RNA interference share common molecular pathways in C. elegans.
  • To explore the role of RNA molecules in co-suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Studied co-suppression in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • Utilized mutants defective in transposon silencing and RNA interference (mut-2, mut-7, mut-8, mut-9).
  • Assessed the response of these mutants to co-suppression induction.

Main Results:

  • Co-suppression in C. elegans appears to be mediated by RNA molecules.
  • Mutants exhibiting defects in RNA interference and transposon silencing were resistant to co-suppression.
  • This resistance suggests a shared molecular machinery for both processes.

Conclusions:

  • RNA interference and co-suppression in C. elegans likely share components of their molecular machinery.
  • The findings suggest a role for RNA-guided degradation of messenger RNA in both phenomena.
  • This shared machinery may be crucial for gene regulation and genome stability.