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ATP-mediated glia signaling.

M L Cotrina1, J H Lin, J C López-García

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|February 7, 2001
PubMed
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Glia calcium waves, driven by ATP and purinergic receptors, expand spatially. Connexin expression enhances ATP release and neuron growth, highlighting ATP

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Glia calcium signaling modulates synaptic transmission.
  • The mechanisms of glia calcium wave propagation are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of ATP and purinergic receptors in glia calcium wave expansion.
  • To investigate the impact of connexin expression on glia function and neuronal development.

Main Methods:

  • Studied spatial expansion of calcium waves in glia.
  • Investigated the role of ATP and purinergic receptors.
  • Examined the effects of connexin (Cx) expression on ATP release and calcium wave propagation.
  • Co-cultured cortical neurons with Cx-expressing and Cx-deficient glia.
  • Utilized purinergic receptor antagonists.

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Main Results:

  • Spatial expansion of glia calcium waves is mediated by ATP and purinergic receptor activation.
  • Ectopic connexin expression increased ATP release and calcium wave propagation radius.
  • Connexin expression induced a phenotypic transformation in glia, promoting neurite outgrowth in co-cultured neurons.
  • Purinergic receptor antagonists reversed glia phenotypic changes and slowed neurite outgrowth.

Conclusions:

  • ATP plays a crucial role in both short-term glia calcium signaling and long-term neuronal differentiation.
  • Connexins and purinergic signaling are key regulators of glia-neuron interactions and neuronal development.