[Geography of genetic processes in populations: gene migrations in Siberia and Far East]

A map of gene migration rate m in the indigenous population of Siberia and the Russian Far East was constructed on the basis of data obtained from questionnaires of 1960 to 1990. The mean gene migration rate weighted with respect to the region area and averaged over 3951 grid nodes was m = 0.0083. Weighting with respect to population density yielded a significantly lower rate (m = 0.0053), which reflected a more intense gene exchange in less populous regions of traditional nomadism. The association between gene migration rate m and genetically effective population size Ne was analyzed. The parameter Nem, which characterizes the interpopulation gene diversity, was used to identify regions where this parameter is autoregulated and those where the autoregulatory mechanisms were disrupted. A tree of ethnolinguistic types was constructed. Its analysis did not reveal any association between migration structure and linguistic characteristics, suggesting that the spreading of cultural elements is not necessarily associated with migration. The tree was also used to construct a map of ethnos-forming migration; its major element reflected migration from the Baikal and Altai regions to the ethnic region of modern Yakuts.