Latex glove hypersensitivity and irritation: a literature review

Latex hypersensitivity is an emerging health problem that is reaching epidemic proportions. Since the introduction of universal precautions, latex glove manufacture and use has risen dramatically. With more and more individuals exposed to latex, the incidence of acquired latex sensitivity is increasing, especially in the health care professions. Latex is a natural product and is processed in a manner that retains protein allergens and leaves residual chemicals on the latex gloves. The reactions to these allergens and irritants are varied and can be classified as allergic or non-allergic. Dental health care professionals are among the populations at risk for developing these problems, the most dangerous of which is an immediate allergy to latex proteins. To increase awareness of this important issue, several studies have been completed with results showing an average prevalence of about ten percent in selected populations of dental professionals.