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The Interaction between Competition and Predation: A Meta-analysis of Field Experiments.

Jessica Gurevitch, Janet A Morrison, Larry V Hedges

    The American Naturalist
    |February 7, 2001
    PubMed
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    Predators reduce competition intensity, with competition impacting growth more than survival. Field experiments reveal predators significantly alter ecological interactions across diverse organisms and environments.

    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Community Ecology
    • Ecological Interactions

    Background:

    • Field experiments investigate the interplay between competition and predation.
    • Understanding the relative strengths of these interactions is crucial for ecological insights.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if predators influence the intensity of competitive effects.
    • To compare the average effects of competition versus predation in natural settings.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel factorial meta-analysis technique was employed.
    • Data from 39 published field experiments across various organisms and environments were synthesized.

    Main Results:

    • Competition effects were less intense in the presence of predators.
    Keywords:
    competitionecological experimentsherbivorymeta‐analysispredationstatistical interaction

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Competitor removal positively impacted organism growth and mass more than predator exclusion.
  • Predator exclusion benefited organism survival more than competition reduction.

    • Conclusions:

    • Predation significantly modifies competition dynamics in ecological communities.
    • Both competition and predation play distinct, vital roles in structuring populations, with differing impacts on growth and survival.