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[Acute renal insufficiency in children]
D Milicić1, E Cemerlić-Zecević, V Misanović
1Pedijatrijska klinika, Klinicki centar Univerziteta u Sarajevu.
Insights
Acute renal failure (ARF) in children is often temporary and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment for recovery. Early intervention and prevention are key to reducing mortality in pediatric ARF cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Critical Care Medicine
Context:
- Acute renal failure (ARF) is a significant concern in hospitalized children, particularly neonates and infants.
- Sudden glomerular and tubular dysfunction necessitates rapid diagnosis and intervention to ensure kidney function recovery and minimize mortality.
Purpose:
- To describe the common causes, diagnostic procedures, and non-dialytic treatments for ARF in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate the outcomes of conservative management in a cohort of children with ARF.
Summary:
- This study analyzed 51 pediatric patients (newborn to 16 years) with ARF, categorizing causes into prerenal, renal, and postrenal.
- Diagnosis involved history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and radiology. Conservative treatment was successful in 45 patients; 6 deaths occurred due to underlying conditions.
Impact:
- Highlights the critical importance of prevention, early diagnosis, and timely therapy for conditions leading to pediatric ARF.
- Emphasizes that a multidisciplinary approach is essential for the successful management of acute renal failure in children.
Abstract:
Acute renal failure (ARF) is not rare in hospitalized children, especially in newborns and infants. Sudden disorganization of a glomerular and tubular function is the most often transitory and require a quick make of diagnosis and early therapy in order to obtain a adequate kidney function recovery and to reduce mortality. In this article 51 children with ARF were included from newborn period to 16 years of age (25 female: 26 male). We described the most often causes of ARF, diagnosis procedures and nondialytic treatments. The diagnosis was made by history, physical examination, laboratory and radiology findings. Causes of ARF were divided on prerenal, renal and postrenal. The treatment of ARF in all cases was conservative with good success in 45 patients and in 6 children followed death because of the nature of primary diseases. The results of study show that the accent is on the prevention, early diagnosis and early therapy of diseases which lead to ARF. We conclude that a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach is imperative for successful management of ARF.