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[Aspirin against cancer].

M Mabro1, A de Gramont

  • 1Service de médecine interne et d'oncologie, hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|April 14, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Aspirin may reduce colorectal cancer risk, but evidence is mixed. Further research, including randomized trials in high-risk groups, is needed to confirm its role in cancer prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Aspirin's anti-aggregative and anti-inflammatory properties suggest potential in preventing tumor spread.
  • Epidemiologic studies link aspirin use to reduced incidence of colorectal, lung, and breast cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms supporting aspirin's potential role in cancer prevention.
  • To analyze existing clinical studies on aspirin and cancer incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic studies (case-control, cohort).
  • Analysis of one prospective randomized trial on aspirin and colorectal cancer prevention.
  • Examination of proposed mechanisms, including the antiprostaglandin effect.

Main Results:

  • Case-control and cohort studies suggest aspirin reduces colorectal cancer incidence.
  • One large randomized trial found no protection from aspirin for colorectal cancer.
  • Data on aspirin's effect on breast and lung cancer prevention are limited.

Conclusions:

  • The role of aspirin in colorectal cancer prevention requires further investigation.
  • Prospective randomized studies in high-risk populations are necessary to clarify aspirin's efficacy.

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