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V Della Maggiore¹, M R Ralph

¹Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 Saint George Street, M5S 3G3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior

|April 15, 2000

Summary

Amphetamine increases open-field locomotion at moderate doses but inhibits wheel running. This suggests amphetamine affects different types of locomotion differently, impacting behavior and circadian rhythms.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Amphetamine is a psychostimulant known to affect motor activity.
Locomotion can be measured using various devices, such as open fields and running wheels.
The influence of amphetamine on different measures of locomotion and potential circadian modulation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dose-dependent effects of amphetamine on locomotion in Golden hamsters using two distinct devices.
To determine if amphetamine's effects on locomotion are modulated by the circadian system or lighting conditions.
To explore the dissociation between open-field activity and home-cage wheel running in response to amphetamine.

Main Methods:

Golden hamsters were administered varying doses of amphetamine (1.5 to 25 mg/kg) or saline.

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Locomotor activity was assessed using an open-field apparatus and a home-cage running wheel.

Testing was conducted under different lighting conditions (day/night) to assess circadian influence.

Main Results:

Moderate amphetamine doses (4-10 mg/kg) significantly increased open-field locomotion.
Higher amphetamine doses (25 mg/kg) inhibited open-field activity and increased stereotyped behaviors.
Home-cage wheel running was maximally inhibited by 10 mg/kg amphetamine, with lower doses having no effect.
Amphetamine's activating effect on open-field activity was consistent across different circadian phases and lighting conditions.
The study revealed a dissociation between open-field and wheel-running activity, indicating they measure different aspects of locomotion.

Conclusions:

Amphetamine exerts differential effects on distinct components of locomotion.
The observed effects on open-field activity are largely independent of the circadian system.
The findings support existing hypotheses regarding amphetamine's neurochemical actions on motor behavior.