[Tympanoplasty: problems and realization]

The authors describe how to provide safety and effectiveness of tympanoplasty, the principle of standard preparation and performance of the operation. They think it necessary to thoroughly assess stability of intralabyrinthine pressure and retrochochlear functions, to normalize humoral immunity and rheological blood properties, function of the acoustic tube, to choose optimal preserver and technique of reconstruction, how to evaluate postoperative outcome. Adequate use of the techniques widens the spectrum of reparative operations on the middle ear applied in practice.