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Evolution of human polyomavirus JC.

J N Hatwell1, P M Sharp

  • 1Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.

The Journal of General Virology
|April 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) genotypes show complex evolutionary relationships. Type 5 is a mosaic, while Type 4 appears divergent, not recombinant, with a faster substitution rate than previously thought.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Evolution
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) has over 20 reported genome sequences.
  • Previous classifications identified seven genotypes with geographical associations.
  • Type 4 was previously hypothesized as a recombinant of Types 1 and 3.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate diversity patterns and evolutionary relationships among JCV genome sequences.
  • To clarify the recombinant status of Type 4 and the nature of Type 5.
  • To estimate the evolutionary rate of JCV synonymous nucleotide substitution.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of near full-length JCV genome sequences.
  • Comparative analysis of sequence data to identify recombination events.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Estimation of synonymous nucleotide substitution rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Phylogenetic methods consistently resolved JCV strain relationships.
    • Type 5 was identified as a mosaic of Types 2 and 6 sequences.
    • Type 4 strains showed no substantial evidence of recombination, appearing as divergent Type 1 examples.
    • The estimated synonymous nucleotide substitution rate was ~4x10(-7) per site per year.

    Conclusions:

    • JCV Type 5 is a recombinant, with the origin of recombination unclear.
    • JCV Type 4 represents divergent Type 1 strains, not a recombinant.
    • The estimated evolutionary rate of JCV is approximately 10 times higher than previously reported for primate polyomaviruses.
    • JCV genotypes likely diverged in concert with human population movements.