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Vibration exposure, smoking, and vascular dysfunction.

M Cherniack1, J Clive, A Seidner

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue-MC6210, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-6210, USA.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|April 19, 2000
PubMed
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Stopping smoking improves vibration white finger (VWF) physiological responses in shipyard workers. While symptoms may not immediately improve, quitting smoking aids long-term recovery from this occupational Raynaud's phenomenon.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Vascular Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Vibration white finger (VWF), or occupational Raynaud's phenomenon, involves cold-induced arterial hyperresponsiveness.
  • The long-term effects of tobacco use and cessation on VWF progression are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of smoking on VWF symptoms and objective vascular responses in vibration-exposed shipyard workers.
  • To evaluate the natural history of VWF after cessation of vibration exposure and changes in smoking habits.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 601 pneumatic tool users, assessed for cold-related vascular symptoms and tested via cold challenge plethysmography.
  • Follow-up of 199 severely affected smokers and non-smokers, including those who ceased smoking, to evaluate the effects of smoking and cessation on symptoms and plethysmography.

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Main Results:

  • Smokers exhibited more severe symptoms and abnormal vascular responses to cold compared to non-smokers.
  • Among those removed from exposure for 2 years, smokers were nearly twice as likely to have severe vasospasm (FSBP% <30) than non-smokers.
  • 53 individuals who stopped smoking showed physiological improvements, becoming indistinguishable from non-smokers; these benefits persisted for a year, though symptoms did not improve.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking appears to impede physiological recovery from VWF after vibration exposure cessation.
  • Symptom improvement lagged behind digital blood pressure recovery and was less influenced by smoking status.