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Published on: August 4, 2019

The relationship between p53 status and anticancer drugs-induced apoptosis in nine human bladder cancer cell lines

F L Chang1, M D Lai

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Anticancer Research
|April 19, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Bladder cancer cells with wild-type or mutant p53 showed apoptosis after chemotherapy. Cells heterozygous for mutant p53 were most susceptible, suggesting p53 mutations don't always confer chemoresistance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a critical role in cellular responses to DNA damage, including apoptosis.
  • Understanding the relationship between p53 status and chemosensitivity is crucial for optimizing cancer treatment strategies.
  • Bladder cancer exhibits diverse p53 mutation profiles, influencing therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between p53 gene status (wild-type, mutant, or null) and the induction of apoptosis by common chemotherapeutic agents in human bladder cancer cell lines.
  • To determine if specific p53 genotypes are associated with differential sensitivity to adriamycin, cisplatin, and methotrexate.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nine human bladder cancer cell lines with varying p53 statuses.
  • Assessed apoptosis induction using DNA fragmentation assays and merocyanine 540 (MC540) staining.
  • Treated cell lines with adriamycin, cisplatin, and methotrexate at various concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Both wild-type p53 (p53+/+) and mutant p53 (p53+/-) expressing cell lines demonstrated apoptosis following treatment with anticancer drugs.
  • Cell lines with a complete absence of p53 (p53-/-) or wild-type p53 showed minimal to no apoptosis.
  • Bladder cancer cells heterozygous for mutant p53 (p53+/-) exhibited the highest susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents, even at low doses.

Conclusions:

  • p53 status significantly influences the apoptotic response of bladder cancer cells to chemotherapy.
  • Heterozygous mutant p53 status appears to sensitize bladder cancer cells to common chemotherapeutic drugs.
  • p53 mutations do not invariably confer a chemoresistance advantage in bladder tumor cell lines, challenging established paradigms.

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