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Related Experiment Videos

The semantic interference effect in the picture-word interference paradigm: does the response set matter?

A Caramazza1, A Costa

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge,MA 02138, USA. caram@wjh.harvard.edu

Cognition
|April 20, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Semantic interference effects in picture-word tasks are reliable, even when distractor words are outside the response set. The magnitude of this semantic interference effect does not change based on distractor word inclusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Speech Production

Background:

  • The semantic interference (SI) effect is a phenomenon observed in the picture-word interference paradigm.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms underlying SI is crucial for refining models of lexical access and speech production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of the semantic interference (SI) effect.
  • To determine if SI occurs when distractor words are not part of the response set.
  • To examine if the magnitude of the SI effect is influenced by the inclusion of distractor words in the response set.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three picture-word interference experiments.
  • Manipulated whether distractor words were part of the response set.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Varied the number of pictures per semantic category.

    • Main Results:

    • Reliable semantic interference effects were observed across all three experiments.
    • The magnitude of the SI effect remained consistent regardless of whether distractor words were part of the response set.
    • The inclusion of only one picture per semantic category did not preclude the observation of SI.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the robustness of the semantic interference effect.
    • These results pose challenges for the WEAVER++ lexical access model's selection mechanism.
    • Further refinement of computational models of speech production may be necessary.