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Neonatal polycythemia.

L Krishnan1, A Rahim

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polycythemia affects 5.8% of newborns in India. Fresh plasma exchange transfusion offers better clinical improvement than normal saline for treating neonatal polycythemia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Hematology

Background:

  • Polycythemia, a condition of elevated red blood cell count, is a significant concern in newborns.
  • Risk factors include maternal hypertension and being small for gestational age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of polycythemia in Indian neonates.
  • To evaluate clinical and laboratory abnormalities associated with polycythemia.
  • To compare the efficacy of normal saline versus fresh plasma in partial exchange transfusion for neonatal polycythemia.

Main Methods:

  • Microhematocrit assessment of 461 inborn neonates at 6 hours of age.
  • Clinical and laboratory evaluation of 47 neonates with confirmed polycythemia.
  • Randomized partial exchange transfusion with normal saline or fresh plasma.

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Main Results:

  • The incidence of polycythemia was 5.8% (27/461).
  • Common symptoms included lethargy and feeding problems; hypoglycemia was frequent (51%).
  • Both normal saline and fresh plasma effectively reduced hematocrit, but fresh plasma showed more significant improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Polycythemia is a notable clinical entity in Indian neonates.
  • Active screening for polycythemia in at-risk infants is recommended.
  • Fresh plasma is preferable for exchange transfusion, though normal saline is an acceptable alternative.