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Experimental infection of Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus
F Guiguen1, L Mselli-Lakhal, J Durand
1Laboratoire associé INRA de Recherches sur les Lentivirus chez les Petits Ruminants, Ecole Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Objective:
To determine whether monocyte-derived macrophages from Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids (Ovis musimon X Ovis spp) were susceptible to productive infection with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) in vitro and whether experimental inoculation of Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids with a molecularly cloned CAEV would result in persistent infection.
Animals:
5 Mouflon hybrids.
Procedure:
Macrophage monolayers were inoculated with virus in vitro. Three animals were inoculated with virus intratracheally.
Results:
Productive replication of CAEV was demonstrated in monocyte-derived macrophages following in vitro and in vivo inoculation. Titer of infectious cytopathic CAEV produced by macrophages from the Mouflon hybrids was similar to titers produced by macrophages from an infected goat or by synovial membrane cells. Isolation of virus from monocyte-derived macrophages and use of a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction assay to amplify a portion of the viral genome demonstrated persistent virus replication in all 3 inoculated animals. Two weeks after inoculation of sheep, approximately 1 of 5,000 monocytes was harboring the virus.
Conclusions And Clinical Relevance:
Results indicate that Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids are susceptible to infection with isolates of CAEV that cause infection in domestic small ruminants.
Insights
Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids are susceptible to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection. Their macrophages support productive CAEV replication, indicating susceptibility in small ruminants.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) causes significant disease in small ruminants.
- The susceptibility of hybrid species to CAEV is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the susceptibility of Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids to CAEV infection.
- To determine if CAEV can productively infect macrophages from these hybrids in vitro and in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Monocyte-derived macrophages from Mouflon hybrids were inoculated with CAEV in vitro.
- Three Mouflon hybrids were inoculated intratracheally with a molecularly cloned CAEV.
- Viral replication was assessed using virus isolation and PCR assays.
Main Results:
- Productive CAEV replication occurred in macrophages from Mouflon hybrids, both in vitro and in vivo.
- In vivo, persistent CAEV infection was demonstrated in all inoculated animals.
- Viral titers in hybrid macrophages were comparable to those in infected goats.
Conclusions:
- Mouflon-domestic sheep hybrids are susceptible to CAEV infection.
- These hybrids can serve as a model for studying CAEV pathogenesis in small ruminants.
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