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Molecular evolution near a two-locus balanced polymorphism.

J K Kelly1, M J Wade

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. jkk@eagle.cc.ukans.edu

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|April 25, 2000
PubMed
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Balancing selection on multiple linked genes significantly increases neutral genetic variation across larger genomic regions compared to single-locus models. This occurs because epistatic selection counteracts recombination, maintaining diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Population genetics
  • Molecular evolution
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Balancing selection at a single locus can increase neutral variation in nearby genomic regions.
  • Phenotypic polymorphisms in natural populations often result from interactions between multiple genes, not just single alleles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend coalescent theory to model balancing selection acting on combinations of linked genes.
  • To investigate the impact of multi-locus balancing selection on neutral genetic variation across genomic regions.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of coalescent theory.
  • Theoretical modeling of balancing selection on linked genes.
  • Analysis of gene sequence data, particularly from Drosophila.

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Main Results:

  • Balancing selection on combinations of linked genes increases neutral variation over a much larger genomic region than single-locus models.
  • The entire genomic region between two balanced loci is affected by this increased variation.
  • Epistatic selection plays a key role in maintaining high neutral variation by opposing recombination.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-locus balancing selection has a more extensive impact on genomic variation than previously understood.
  • Epistasis is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity under balancing selection.
  • Theoretical findings align with empirical observations in natural populations like Drosophila.