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Related Experiment Videos

Poly(ethylene carbonate) microspheres: manufacturing process and internal structure characterization.

O Lambert1, O Nagele, V Loux

  • 1Novartis Pharma AG, Pharmaceutical Development, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|April 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

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Poly(ethylene carbonate) microspheres effectively encapsulate granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), showing high efficiency and low in vitro release. Polymer properties influence microsphere characteristics, with GM-CSF aiding emulsion stabilization.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a crucial cytokine for immune regulation.
  • Developing effective delivery systems for biologics like GM-CSF is essential for therapeutic applications.
  • Poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) is a novel polymer with surface bioerodible properties suitable for controlled release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To encapsulate GM-CSF into poly(ethylene carbonate) microspheres using a double emulsion solvent evaporation method.
  • To investigate the impact of PEC molecular weight and concentration on microsphere characteristics.
  • To evaluate the encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release profile of GM-CSF.

Main Methods:

  • Double emulsion w(1)/o/w(2) solvent evaporation technique was employed for microsphere preparation.

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  • Physico-chemical properties including particle size, encapsulation ratio, and efficiency were analyzed.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize microsphere morphology and internal structure.
  • In vitro drug release studies were conducted to assess GM-CSF release kinetics.

    • Main Results:

    • Microspheres exhibited a mean diameter of 30 micrometers, with 90% ranging from 4 to 136 micrometers.
    • Encapsulation ratios varied from 2.22 to 2.51%, achieving 70-100% encapsulation efficiency.
    • In vitro release of GM-CSF was consistently low, ranging from 5.61% to less than 1%.
    • SEM revealed spherical microspheres with smooth surfaces and a polymeric matrix containing globules, influenced by polymer concentration and MW.
    • GM-CSF demonstrated a significant reduction in interfacial tension, aiding primary emulsion stabilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Poly(ethylene carbonate) microspheres are a promising system for GM-CSF encapsulation, offering high efficiency and controlled release.
    • The molecular weight and concentration of PEC significantly influence microsphere properties and internal structure.
    • The surface activity of GM-CSF plays a key role in the stabilization of the emulsion during microsphere fabrication, contributing to high encapsulation efficiencies.