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Related Experiment Videos

Phenolic composition of grape stems.

J M Souquet1, B Labarbe, C Le Guernevé

  • 1ISVV-INRA, Institut des Produits de la Vigne, Unité de Recherche Biopolymères et Arômes, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France. souquet@ensam.inra.fr

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|April 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Grape stems are rich in polyphenols, including unique flavanonols like astilbin. Tannin analysis revealed polymeric proanthocyanidins, offering insights into grape varietal composition.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Food Chemistry
  • Plant Biochemistry

Background:

  • Grape stems are a significant source of polyphenolic compounds.
  • These compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavanonols, contribute to grape's biological activity.
  • Understanding stem composition is crucial for utilizing grape byproducts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the polyphenolic compounds in grape stems.
  • To identify and quantify specific compounds like astilbin and proanthocyanidins.
  • To compare tannin profiles across different grape varieties and cluster parts.

Main Methods:

  • Depolymerization reaction (thiolysis) for tannin characterization.
  • Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for flavanonol identification.

Related Experiment Videos

  • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for quantifying all phenolic compounds.

    • Main Results:

    • Flavanonols, specifically astilbin, were identified in grape stems for the first time.
    • Tannins were characterized as polymeric proanthocyanidins (up to 27 units) primarily composed of (-)-epicatechin.
    • HPLC analysis quantified quercetin 3-glucuronide as the most abundant phenolic compound, followed by catechin, caffeoyltartaric acid, and astilbin.
    • Stem tannins were qualitatively intermediate between seed and skin tannins and showed no differentiation between red and white grape varieties.

    Conclusions:

    • Grape stems possess a distinct and valuable profile of polyphenolic compounds, including novel flavanonols.
    • The characterization of tannins provides a deeper understanding of grape varietal composition and potential applications.
    • This research highlights the potential of grape stems as a source for bioactive compounds.