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Fat redistribution in HIV disease.
G E Rodwell1, T A Maurer, T G Berger
1Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital,94110, USA.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|April 25, 2000
Summary
Abnormal body fat redistribution, including fat loss in the face and fat gain in the torso, is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cheek fat loss may indicate HIV-related fat changes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Virology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Abnormal body fat distribution, characterized by regional fat loss and gain, is a recognized complication associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
- Previous reports indicate varied fat distribution patterns in HIV-positive individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the spectrum of abnormal fat distribution in patients with HIV.
- To identify characteristic patterns of body fat changes in HIV-positive individuals.
Main Methods:
- Inclusion criteria focused on patients exhibiting facial lipoatrophy (loss of subcutaneous fat in the cheeks) without generalized wasting.
- Comprehensive physical examinations, photographic documentation, and medical record reviews were conducted.
Main Results:
- Fourteen HIV-positive patients were evaluated, all displaying additional abnormalities in body fat distribution.
- A consistent pattern emerged: fat loss in the cheeks, temples, and extremities, coupled with fat accumulation in the neck, upper back, mastoid areas, chest, and visceral abdomen.
- Specific facial fat loss was observed.
Conclusions:
- HIV-positive patients exhibit a consistent syndrome of body fat redistribution.
- Characteristic fat loss in the cheeks may serve as a specific clinical marker for HIV-associated lipodystrophy.