The differential diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis is a morphologic finding that may result from a wide spectrum of clinical conditions. The distinctive histological features accompanying eosinophilic esophagitis may facilitate the diagnosis of the underlying disease entity. Unfortunately, there are no pathognomonic histologic characteristics associated with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clinical signs and symptoms, immunological markers, endoscopic findings, and response to therapy may help establish or confirm the diagnosis of a clinical condition that results in eosinophilic esophagitis. The following discussion outlines the causes of eosinophilia in an esophageal biopsy sample.