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Adrenomedullin, a multifunctional regulatory peptide.
J P Hinson1, S Kapas, D M Smith
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, St. Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, United Kingdom. j.hinson@qmw.ac.uk
Endocrine Reviews
|April 27, 2000
Summary
Adrenomedullin is a widely produced peptide with diverse actions. This review comprehensively covers its secretion, binding sites, and physiological effects, highlighting areas for future research.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an almost ubiquitous peptide discovered in 1993.
- Hundreds of papers have explored ADM's secretion regulation and diverse actions.
- ADM is synthesized by numerous tissues and cell types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of adrenomedullin.
- To detail mechanisms regulating ADM gene expression and secretion.
- To discuss ADM's binding sites, signal transduction, and physiological actions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published research on adrenomedullin.
- Analysis of data on circulating adrenomedullin levels and associated disease states.
- Discussion of pharmacology and biochemistry of ADM binding sites, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors.
Main Results:
- ADM is secreted by a vast number of tissues and cell types.
- Elevated plasma ADM levels are observed in various disease states.
- ADM exhibits significant actions on cellular growth, cardiovascular, central nervous, and endocrine systems.
Conclusions:
- Adrenomedullin is a crucial peptide with widespread physiological roles.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate unresolved issues regarding ADM.
- Future research directions include exploring ADM's complex signaling pathways and therapeutic potential.