Absorption of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid by isolated sheep ruminal and omasal epithelia

Alimet (Novus Inter., Inc., St. Louis, MO) feed supplement (an 88% aqueous solution of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid; HMB) is a source of L-Met commonly used in nonruminants and ruminants. The absorption of HMB across ovine omasal and ruminal epithelia was evaluated in this study. Ruminal and omasal epithelia were collected from eight lambs (BW = 67.6 kg +/- 9.1) and mounted in parabiotic chambers that were repeatedly sampled throughout a 60-min incubation. The appearance of HMB (using DL-[5-14C]-HMB as a radiolabeled marker) in serosal buffers increased quadratically (P < .004) with time in both tissues. More (P < .001) HMB appeared in the serosal buffers with omasal than with ruminal epithelia. Both tissues responded similarly, and, after 60 min of incubation, the accumulation of HMB within the tissues increased linearly (P < .001) as substrate concentration (.375, .75, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mM) increased in mucosal buffers. As the concentration of HMB in the mucosal buffers increased, there was a quadratic (P < .001) increase in the appearance of HMB in the serosal buffer of the omasal epithelium, indicating some saturation of the system. The increase in serosal appearance of HMB was linear (P < .001) with ruminal tissue. The results indicate that there are probably multiple mechanisms involved in the absorption of HMB. Because saturation was observed in the omasum, it is likely that mediated transport accounts for at least a portion of the absorption of HMB in the omasum. Other mechanisms (e.g., diffusion and(or) paracellular absorption) are responsible for the balance of the absorption. Omasal epithelium appears to have a greater capacity for HMB absorption than ruminal epithelium. The enzymes involved in the conversion of HMB to 2-keto-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid were found in ruminal and omasal epithelia, liver and kidney. These results indicate that HMB can be absorbed across ruminal and omasal epithelium and that HMB can be used as a source of L-methionine.