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Safety and effectiveness of vasectomy
1Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. schwingl@niehs.nih.gov
Fertility and Sterility
|April 28, 2000
Summary
Vasectomy is a highly effective contraceptive method with low failure rates. Further research is recommended to assess long-term effectiveness and complications like chronic pain.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive medicine
- Urology
- Contraception
Background:
- Vasectomy is a widely used form of male contraception.
- Understanding its long-term safety and effectiveness is crucial for informed decision-making.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the existing literature on vasectomy's effectiveness and safety.
- To identify areas for future research based on current evidence.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature review of MEDLINE-indexed studies from 1964 to 1998.
- Analysis of data on vasectomy failure rates, complications, and long-term health risks.
Main Results:
- Vasectomy demonstrates a low early failure rate (<1%).
- Complications such as hematoma, infection, and granulomas occur in 1%-6% of cases.
- Evidence suggests vasectomy does not increase risks of atherosclerosis, immune complex issues, prostate, or testicular cancer.
Conclusions:
- Vasectomy remains a highly effective contraceptive option.
- Further research should focus on long-term effectiveness, criteria for discontinuing backup contraception, and chronic pain syndrome.