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Related Experiment Videos

Malignant pleural diseases.

F Rodriguez-Panadero

    Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace
    |April 29, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Malignant pleural effusions are increasing. Many pleural malignancies present without effusion, and diagnosis often requires biopsy after negative cytology. Talc pleurodesis is effective for symptom palliation in malignant effusions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Oncology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Malignant pleural effusions are increasingly common, particularly from lung and breast cancers.
    • Pleural effusions are present in only about 55% of malignant pleural involvement cases, meaning many cases may go undiagnosed.
    • Primary pleural malignancies (mesotheliomas) are linked to asbestos exposure, while metastatic disease is more common and spreads via vasculature.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the incidence, presentation, diagnosis, and management of malignant pleural effusions.
    • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing pleural malignancies, especially those without effusion.
    • To discuss the role of talc pleurodesis in managing malignant pleural effusions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of autopsy series and clinical data on malignant pleural involvement.

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  • Analysis of diagnostic yields for cytology and biopsy techniques.
  • Evaluation of treatment options, including pleurodesis for malignant effusions.

    • Main Results:

    • Malignant pleural effusions account for up to 50% of exudates.
    • Pleural effusion is present in 55% of malignant pleural involvement cases.
    • Cytology has an approximate 50% diagnostic yield; biopsy is recommended for persistent effusions with negative cytology.
    • Talc pleurodesis, especially talc poudrage via thoracoscopy, is effective for palliation.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosis of malignant pleural disease requires a high index of suspicion, especially when effusion is absent.
    • Biopsy and thoracoscopy are crucial for definitive diagnosis and treatment planning.
    • Talc pleurodesis offers effective palliation for malignant pleural effusions unresponsive to chemotherapy.