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Related Experiment Videos

Stable periodic vortex shedding studied using computational fluid dynamics, laser sheet flow visualization, and MR

M Paley1, R Hose, I Marzouqa

  • 1Department of Academic Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. m.n.paley@shef.ac.uk

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|May 2, 2000
PubMed
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This study analyzed blood flow patterns near the carotid bifurcation, identifying vortex shedding as a key factor in carotid stenosis development. Findings validate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models against experimental data for improved atherosclerosis research.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Recirculating and detached flow patterns at the carotid bifurcation are implicated in atherosclerosis and carotid stenosis.
  • Understanding transient flow characteristics like vortex shedding is crucial for analyzing carotid stenoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate flow regimes with transient characteristics, including vortex shedding and transport.
  • To develop methodologies for analyzing carotid stenoses using a Karman Vortex Street model.
  • To compare computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions with experimental flow visualization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Karman Vortex Street model for phantom construction and theoretical finite element computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.

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  • Employed laser sheet imaging and real-time echo planar magnitude Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging for flow visualization.
  • Investigated flow over a range of Reynolds numbers (40-400) where vortex shedding is predicted.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved good agreement between theoretical CFD calculations and experimental methods (Laser, MR imaging) for Karman Vortex Street wavelength.
    • The predicted wavelength from CFD (16 mm) closely matched experimental measurements (16±2 mm Laser, 17±2 mm MR) at a Reynolds number of 200.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully validated CFD methodologies for analyzing transient flow phenomena relevant to carotid stenoses.
    • Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate the feasibility of using simplified models like the Karman Vortex Street for studying complex hemodynamics.
    • This research provides a foundation for developing advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for carotid artery disease.