Effect on lung function of continuous positive airway pressure administered either by infant flow driver or a single

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V Kavvadia1, A Greenough, G Dimitriou

  • 1Children Nationwide Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, King's College Hospital, London, UK.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|May 2, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) via an infant flow driver (IFD) showed no short-term lung function benefits compared to a single nasal prong in preterm infants post-extubation. Both methods improved lung function, but IFD use was linked to hyperoxia.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Respiratory Care
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Preterm infants often require respiratory support after extubation.
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a common non-invasive ventilation method.
  • Different CPAP delivery systems exist, with varying clinical efficacies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of CPAP delivered by an infant flow driver (IFD) versus a single nasal prong in improving lung function in preterm infants post-extubation.
  • To assess secondary outcomes such as oxygen requirements and respiratory system compliance.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 36 preterm infants (median gestational age 29 weeks) was conducted.
  • Infants were divided into three groups: IFD CPAP, single nasal prong CPAP, and no CPAP.
  • Lung function was evaluated by measuring supplementary oxygen needs and respiratory system compliance.

Main Results:

  • Both CPAP groups showed improved lung function after 24 hours, reaching levels comparable to the non-CPAP group.
  • A significant decrease in supplementary oxygen requirement was observed in the single nasal prong group.
  • Four infants receiving IFD CPAP experienced hyperoxia, while none in the single nasal prong group did.

Conclusions:

  • Infant flow driver (IFD) CPAP does not offer a short-term advantage over single nasal prong CPAP in preterm infants after extubation.
  • Single nasal prong CPAP demonstrated a significant improvement in oxygenation.
  • Potential for hyperoxia exists with IFD use, warranting careful monitoring.
Abstract

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