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Three-dimensional facial growth studied by optical surface scanning
1Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AD, UK.
Journal of Orthodontics
|May 3, 2000
Summary
This study reveals significant three-dimensional facial growth differences between boys and girls aged 5-10. Facial height showed the most growth, while mid-face dimensions changed minimally, indicating distinct developmental patterns.
Area of Science:
- Anthropology
- Human Biology
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Understanding craniofacial development is crucial in pediatric medicine and orthodontics.
- Previous studies often relied on two-dimensional cephalometric analysis, potentially missing soft tissue nuances.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the three-dimensional (3D) facial growth patterns in British Caucasian children.
- To test the hypothesis of sex-based 3D facial differences in children aged 5-10 years.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 132 British Caucasian children aged 5-10 years.
- Utilized optical surface scanning to capture detailed 3D facial morphology.
- Superimposed average scans for age and sex subgroups to analyze growth and differences.
Main Results:
- Boys generally exhibited larger facial dimensions than girls.
- Facial height demonstrated the most significant annual increase (3-4 mm).
- Lower facial dimensions, including mandibular width and prominence, showed notable increases, unlike the relatively stable mid-face.
Conclusions:
- Significant age and sex-related differences exist in 3D facial morphology during childhood.
- Facial height and lower face dimensions are key areas of growth, with distinct patterns observed between sexes.
- Optical surface scanning provides a more comprehensive view of facial growth, including soft tissues, compared to traditional methods.