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Trace element levels in drinking water and cognitive function among elderly Chinese.

C L Emsley1, S Gao, Y Li

  • 1Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|May 3, 2000
PubMed
Summary

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Trace elements in drinking water impact cognitive function in older adults. Calcium showed a quadratic effect, while zinc and cadmium interacted, influencing cognitive performance differently based on levels.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Investigating the link between trace elements in drinking water and cognitive health is crucial for public health.
  • Previous research has suggested potential associations, but complex interactions require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between trace element concentrations in drinking water and cognitive function in elderly Chinese residents.
  • To identify specific elements and their interactions affecting cognitive performance in a population-based setting.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study of 1,016 elderly individuals in rural China (1996-1997).
  • Cognitive function assessed using the Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSID).
  • Mixed effects models employed to analyze trace element effects, adjusting for covariates like age, sex, and education.

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Main Results:

  • Univariate analyses indicated significant effects for several trace elements, but many lost significance after multivariate adjustment.
  • A significant quadratic effect of calcium on cognitive function was observed: performance improved up to a point then declined.
  • A significant interaction between zinc and cadmium was found, with zinc positively relating to cognition at low cadmium levels and negatively at high levels.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between trace elements and cognitive function is complex, with interactions playing a significant role.
  • Calcium and the interplay between zinc and cadmium are key factors influencing cognitive function in this elderly population.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and implications for public health interventions.