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Related Experiment Video

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Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities

Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities

Published on: January 29, 2014

Dysfunction of the auditory cortex persists in infants with certain cleft types.

R Ceponiene¹, J Hukki, M Cheour

¹Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland. ceponien@helsinki.fi

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

|May 5, 2000

Summary

Infants with cleft palate only show impaired auditory discrimination, unlike those with cleft lip and palate. This difference in preattentive sound processing is evident from birth and impacts language development.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Speech and Hearing Sciences

Background:

Language and learning disabilities affect nearly half of individuals with oral clefts.
Cognitive dysfunction characteristics vary by cleft type, with underlying mechanisms unknown.
Oral clefts are associated with middle-ear disease, potentially impacting auditory development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate preattentive auditory discrimination in infants with different oral cleft types.
To examine the role of auditory processing in language acquisition for infants with clefts.
To differentiate auditory discrimination abilities between cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CPO) infants.

Main Methods:

Recorded mismatch negativity (MMN) brain responses to rare tones in 12 healthy and 32 cleft-affected infants (0 and 6 months).
Subdivided infants with oral clefts into CLP and CPO groups.
Analyzed brain evoked potentials to assess preconscious sound discrimination abilities.

Main Results:

Both cleft subgroups showed smaller brain responses to rare sounds compared to healthy infants.
Infants with CPO exhibited significantly smaller MMN responses at 300-500 ms latency.
MMN in CLP infants was comparable to healthy infants, indicating distinct auditory processing patterns.
Differences in MMN between CLP and CPO infants were present at birth and persisted.

Conclusions:

Auditory discrimination, as measured by MMN, differs significantly between infants with CPO and CLP.
These auditory processing differences in infancy may underlie behavioral variations observed in children with different cleft types.
Preattentive auditory processing is differentially affected by cleft type, impacting early language development pathways.