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Chain reactions and radiosensitization: model enzyme studies.

J L Redpath, R L Willson

    International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine
    |April 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Persulphate ions enhance the radiation sensitivity of ribonuclease and lysozyme in aqueous solutions. A chain reaction was observed in nitrous-oxide-saturated persulphate solutions, indicating increased radiosensitivity.

    Area of Science:

    • Radiation chemistry
    • Biochemistry
    • Chemical kinetics

    Background:

    • Radiolysis of aqueous solutions is crucial for understanding biological damage.
    • Proteins like ribonuclease and lysozyme are sensitive to radiation.
    • Persulphate ions are known oxidants in aqueous systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of persulphate ions on the radiosensitivity of ribonuclease and lysozyme.
    • To determine rate-constants for sulphate radical reactions.
    • To characterize transient product spectra.

    Main Methods:

    • Radiolysis of dilute aqueous solutions containing proteins and persulphate.
    • Spectroscopic analysis of transient species.
    • Kinetic studies of radical reactions.

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    Main Results:

    • Persulphate ions generally increase the radiosensitivity of ribonuclease and lysozyme.
    • Rate-constants for sulphate radical reactions with various solutes were determined.
    • A chain reaction mechanism was identified in nitrous-oxide-saturated persulphate solutions.

    Conclusions:

    • Persulphate ions act as radiosensitizers for proteins in aqueous media.
    • The sulphate radical plays a key role in the observed sensitization.
    • Chain reactions can significantly amplify radiation effects in the presence of persulphate.