Effect of surfactant interfacial orientation/aggregation on adsorption dynamics

The application of new thermodynamic adsorption isotherms allow to improve the description of surfactant adsorption kinetics based on a diffusional transport. While the consideration of interfacial reorientation corrects apparently too high diffusion coefficients, interfacial aggregation avoids too small diffusion coefficients or the assumption of adsorption barriers. The adsorption kinetics of alkyl dimethyl phosphine oxides is influenced by interfacial reorientation. While the lower homologues (C8-C12) follow the classical diffusion model, the higher homologues (C13-C15) yield diffusion coefficients several times larger than the physically reasonable values. Assuming two different adsorption states, the resulting diffusion coefficients agree with those expected from the geometric size of the molecules. The model also works well for oxyethylated non-ionics, such as C10EO8. As a second example, a good theoretical description is obtained for experiments of 1-decanol solutions when a mean surface aggregation number of n = 2.5 is assumed. The same n was obtained from the description of the equilibrium adsorption isotherm of 1-decanol. Assuming that the transition from one into the other state is controlled by a rate constant (change in orientation, formation or disintegration of two-dimensional aggregates) significant changes in the kinetics curves can result. The use of additional rate constants yields an improved fitting to experimental data.