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Successful transcatheter coil embolization of coronary artery fistula in an infant
Insights
Transcatheter coil embolization is an effective treatment for congenital coronary artery fistula in infants, offering a low-morbidity alternative to surgery with excellent long-term outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Congenital coronary artery fistula (CCAF) is a rare cardiac anomaly.
- CCAF can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in infants.
- Surgical repair has been the traditional treatment, but carries risks.
Observation:
- A 49-day-old infant presented with tachycardia, tachypnea, feeding difficulties, cardiomegaly, and a continuous murmur.
- The infant was diagnosed with a congenital right coronary artery fistula.
- The infant underwent transcatheter coil embolization for the fistula.
Findings:
- The transcatheter coil embolization procedure was successful.
- One-year follow-up revealed normal findings on chest radiographs, myocardial enzyme analysis, electrocardiography, and echocardiography.
- The infant showed normal cardiac function and no signs of residual fistula.
Implications:
- Transcatheter coil embolization is a safe and effective treatment for CCAF in infants.
- This minimally invasive approach offers a favorable alternative to surgical intervention.
- Successful coil embolization leads to excellent long-term clinical outcomes and normal cardiac function.
Abstract:
Congenital coronary artery fistula is a rare anomaly that can cause several types of morbidity as well as mortality. Recently, transcatheter coil embolization for congenital coronary artery fistula has been advocated as an effective alternative to surgical repair and is associated with a low morbidity and good clinical outcome. We report a 49-day-old infant who had tachycardia, tachypnea, prolonged and interrupted feeding, cardiomegaly, and continuous murmur, and who underwent successful transcatheter coil embolization for a congenital right coronary artery fistula. At review 1 year after coil occlusion showed that serial plain chest radiographs, myocardial enzyme analysis, electrocardiography, and wall motion on echocardiography were normal.