Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2009
Area of Science:
Immunology
Ophthalmology
Background:
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a critical component of the immune system at mucosal surfaces.
The presence and function of MALT in the human eye, specifically the conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system, remain areas of investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
To investigate the occurrence, components, topography, and functional significance of MALT in the human conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system.
To determine if the human eye possesses a localized immune system analogous to MALT found in other mucosal sites.
Main Methods:
Examination of 53 conjunctival sacs and 8 lacrimal drainage systems from cadaveric eyes.
Utilized light microscopy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy on wholemounts and tissue sections.
Main Results:
Lymphoid tissue, including diffuse and organized follicular structures with B lymphocytes and IgA-positive plasma cells, was identified in the conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system.
High endothelial venules were present, indicating active immune cell trafficking.
Secretory component production by the epithelium suggests a role in mucosal immunity.
Conclusions:
The human conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system possess conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT).
CALT contains all necessary components for a complete immune response.
The expression of immunoglobulins and secretory component confirms the conjunctiva's role within the secretory immune system.