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Osmotically induced electrical changes in isolated bullfrog small intestine.

W M Armstrong, B J Byrd, E S Cohen

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |August 5, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Changes in bathing solution osmolality significantly alter bullfrog small intestine electrical parameters and cell ion concentrations. Higher osmolality decreases cell water and potassium, impacting transmural electrical potential difference (ETr) and short-circuit current (Isc).

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • The small intestine actively transports ions and water.
    • Epithelial cell function is sensitive to osmotic pressure.
    • Understanding these responses is crucial for gastrointestinal physiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of varying osmolality on isolated bullfrog small intestine.
    • To determine how osmotic changes influence cell water, ion concentrations, and electrical parameters.
    • To model the electrical responses of the intestinal epithelium to osmotic stress.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated bullfrog small intestine segments were exposed to Ringer solutions of varying osmolalities.
    • Measurements included cell water content, intracellular sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) concentrations.

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  • Electrical parameters such as transmural electrical potential difference (ETr), membrane potential (Em), and short-circuit current (Isc) were recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell water and intracellular K+ decreased with increasing osmolality.
    • Intracellular Na+ concentration remained largely unaffected by external osmolality changes.
    • Decreased osmolality increased ETr, Isc, and Em magnitude, while increased osmolality decreased them.

    Conclusions:

    • External osmolality significantly impacts bullfrog small intestine epithelial cell hydration and ion balance.
    • An equivalent circuit model, incorporating a shunt pathway, effectively explains the observed electrical responses.
    • The findings suggest a finite shunt diffusion potential is maintained even in iso-osmotic conditions, aligning with current ion transport theories.