[Perceived health and migration: a new sanitary approach?]

Six percent of the French population is foreign. Paradoxically, there are in France few recent data about the health of these communities. Because a lot of different foreign communities are living in Marseille, it seemed important for us to examine the health of one of these populations. The difficulties encountered in studying the health status in the general population allow us to propose a measure based on perceived health opinion. Our first objective was to state that perceived health status of one community differs between its original country and its emigration country, taking into account the level of morbidity. Our second objective was to show that the perceived health status in the emigration population was close to the one observed in France.

Two cross-sectional studies were performed in the Comoro Islands and in Marseille, a French south eastern city. The perceived health was assessed with the Duke Health Profile (DHP); the objective health was assessed by a specific questionnaire developed in the USA: the Ridit. The comparisons were conducted, taking into account the major confounding factors.

Emigrated people relate higher perceived health status, than those living in the Comoro Islands, for the main dimensions assessed by DHP: physical (71.0 +/- 23.8 vs. 55.9 +/- 23.0), mental (74.6 +/- 19.3 vs. 50.0 +/- 18.5), general health (68.3 +/- 16.3 vs. 61.4 +/- 12.7) and perceived health (62.7 +/- 32.9 vs. 57.1 +/- 48.2). Social health score is the only one which is lower (59.2 +/- 21.8 vs. 77.6 +/- 18.3). The health status levels of the emigrated people are close to those reported in France. The variations of perceived health scores are coherent with those of the objective health indicators.

If these results were confirmed, then this approach, based on self perceived health assessment, could be recommended to study health needs, and the management care, prevention and health promotion impact among these specific communities.