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[Reference values for hematologic laboratory tests and hematologic disorders in the aged].

T Takubo1, N Tatsumi

  • 1Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School.

Rinsho Byori. the Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology
|May 11, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Establishing reference values for complete blood counts in the elderly is crucial. Aging affects red blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels, necessitating age-specific anemia thresholds for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • The aging population necessitates updated reference values for complete blood counts (CBC) and lymphocyte subsets.
  • Physiological changes in the elderly complicate the definition of
  • healthy
  • compared to younger adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reliable reference values for CBC and lymphocyte subsets in the aged population.
  • To identify age-specific diagnostic criteria for anemia and other hematologic disorders in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) across different age groups (65-74, 75-84, 85+).
  • Evaluation of leukocyte differential, white blood cell count, and platelet count.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of lymphocyte subset data (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD4/CD8 ratio), noting current standardization issues.

    • Main Results:

    • Healthy elderly subjects showed a moderate decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit with aging.
    • Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) tended to increase with age, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin and concentration showed no trend.
    • No age-related changes were observed in leukocyte differential, white blood cell count, or platelet count.
    • Anemia thresholds were proposed: below 11.0 g/dL for ages 65-74 and 10.0 g/dL for ages 75+.
    • Elevated MCV (95-120 fL or >120 fL) suggests myelodysplastic syndrome or vitamin B12 deficiency, respectively.
    • Lymphocyte subset results lacked consistency due to population and methodological variations.

    Conclusions:

    • Age-specific reference values for CBC are essential for accurate diagnosis and management of hematologic conditions in the elderly.
    • Anemia diagnosis in the aged requires adjusted hemoglobin thresholds.
    • Further research is needed to standardize lymphocyte subset analysis and establish definitive reference ranges for the aging population.