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Related Experiment Videos

The endothelium in atherogenesis.

B J Hunt1

  • 1Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' Trust, London, UK. Beverley.Hunt@gstt.sthames.nhs.uk

Lupus
|May 11, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Endothelial cell activation (ECA) drives atherogenesis through inflammation. Modified lipoproteins and antiphospholipid antibodies can trigger ECA, initiating the disease process.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Atherogenesis involves endothelial changes initiating and perpetuating the disease.
  • Endothelial cell activation (ECA) is a key inflammatory response of the endothelium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of endothelial changes in atherogenesis.
  • To explore the role of endothelial cell activation (ECA) in initiating and perpetuating atherosclerosis.
  • To investigate the potential role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in ECA and atherogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of endothelial cell activation mechanisms.
  • Discussion of factors triggering ECA, including modified lipoproteins and antiphospholipid antibodies.
  • Analysis of in vitro and clinical findings related to ECA and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).

Main Results:

  • ECA involves five core changes: loss of vascular integrity, leukocyte adhesion molecule expression, prothrombotic phenotype shift, cytokine production, and HLA molecule upregulation.
  • Nuclear Factor kappaB activation is a common intracellular control mechanism for ECA.
  • Modified lipoproteins are a major cause of ECA, especially when oxidized, glycated, or in immune complexes.
  • Antiendothelial cell antibodies are detected in a significant percentage of APS patients, and in vitro studies suggest they cause ECA.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial cell activation (ECA) is an initiating step in atherogenesis.
  • Modified lipoproteins are a primary trigger for ECA in atherogenesis.
  • Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) may initiate atherogenesis by causing ECA, warranting further investigation.

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